Stair-climbing is
the best-kept secret in exercise for health. It is a great way to add
CME
points during the course of daily life, and it will help improve your
leg
strength and balance as well as your heart and waistline.
By way of example, let me
tell you the story of Lewis Ripps. Lew is a trim seventy-two-year-old
businessman
who runs six and a half miles a day along the hilly Berkshire roads
when
he is at his Massachusetts vacation home. But he’s in
Massachusetts only
for most summer and autumn weekends and for occasional weekends during
the rest of the year. At home in New Jersey, Lew doesn’t run
- nor does
he swim, bike, use exercise machines, or walk for health.
Mr. Ripps seems to be a weekend
warrior who is breaking all the rules. At any age, sporadic intense
exercise
is a bad idea, and at age seventy-two, it’s an invitation for
disaster.
But Lew is quite safe because he stays active the year round -- not
through
any formal exercise program, but by walking stairs. And he does quite a
lot of that; in fact, he averages eighteen long, steep flights a day at
the New Jersey manufacturing plant he manages.
Coaches, cardiologists, and
housewives have long been in on the secrets of stairs. Many football
coaches
ask their players to charge up flight after flight of stadium steps to
get in shape, and other competitive athletes put gymnasium stairwells
to
similar use. In the days before stress testing held sway, doctors would
often walk up stairs with patients to check their cardiopulmonary
function.
Even today, cardiologists tell patients they are fit enough to have sex
if they can walk up two or three flights comfortably, and surgeons may
clear patients for lung operations if they can manage five or six
flights.
As for housewives, taking care of a two- or three-story home is one
reason
American women outlive their husbands by an average of 5.4 years.
What’s so special about stairs?
Researchers in Canada answered the question by monitoring seventeen
healthy
male volunteers with an average age of sixty-four while they walked,
lifted
weights, or climbed stairs. Stair-climbing was the most demanding. It
was
twice as taxing as brisk walking on the level and 50 percent harder
than
walking up a steep incline or lifting weights. And peak exertion was
attained
much faster by climbing stairs than by walking, which is why nearly
everyone
huffs and puffs going up stairs, at least until their second wind kicks
in after a few flights.
Because stairs are so taxing,
only the very young at heart should attempt to charge up long flights.
But at a slow, steady pace, stairs can be a health plus for the rest of
us. Begin modestly with a flight or two, and then escalate as you
improve.
Take the stairs whenever you can; if you have a long way to go, walk
partway,
and then switch to an elevator. Use the railing for balance and
security
(especially going down), and don’t try the stairs after a
heavy meal or
if you feel unwell.
Even at a slow pace, you’ll
earn CME points two to three times faster climbing stairs than walking
briskly on the level. The Harvard Alumni Study found that men who
average
at least eight flights a day enjoy a 33 percent lower mortality rate
than
men who are sedentary -- and that’s even better than the 22
percent lower
death rate men earned by walking 1.3 miles a day. That may be a bit
optimistic,
but even if you don’t count on just eight flights a day to
keep you healthy,
you should add stairs to your CME menu at every opportunity.
Reprinted from The No Sweat
Exercise Plan: Lose Weight, Get Healthy, and Live Longer by Harvey B.
Simon,
M.D. Copyright © 2006 President and Fellows of Harvard
College. Published
by McGraw-Hill; January 2006.
About the author:
Harvey
B. Simon, M.D., is
an associate professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School, a member
of the Health Sciences Faculty at MIT, and the founding editor of
Harvard
Men's Health Watch. He is a graduate of Yale College and Harvard
Medical
School. Since completing his postgraduate training at Massachusetts
General
Hospital and the National Institutes of Health, Dr. Simon has
maintained
an active clinical practice at Massachusetts General Hospital. He is
the
award-winning author of five previous books on health and fitness and
received
the London Prize for Excellence in Teaching from Harvard and MIT.